To file a Freedom of Information (FOI) request in Nigeria, the request must be made in writing, either by letter or electronically such as via email.
The request should clearly and specifically describe the information being sought, including as much detail as possible to help the public institution identify the information. It should also state the preferred format in which the requester would like to receive the information.
Any individual, group, organization, or corporation can make an FOI request in Nigeria without needing to prove any special interest in the information.
The requestor should include personal contact details such as name, address, and telephone number to facilitate correspondence regarding the request.
If submitting by letter, the request must be addressed appropriately to the relevant official or department responsible for FOI matters within the institution.
For example, when requesting information from a government agency or commission, the request letter can be addressed to the head of the institution or the designated Freedom of Information Officer, such as the Executive Vice Chairman/CEO or Director of Legal & Regulatory Services, depending on the organization.
Including the subject “Freedom of Information Request” in the letter can help ensure the request is properly routed for processing.
Once submitted, the institution is required by law to respond within seven working days, either by providing the requested information or giving a written explanation if the request is denied, citing the relevant legal exemption.
If the request involves a large volume of records or requires consultation, an additional seven days may be allowed for the response.
Requesters may also be required to pay a reasonable fee to cover costs such as document duplication or processing.
This fee requirement is stipulated under the FOI Act to ensure that costs incurred by public institutions in providing information are shared, without making access prohibitively expensive.
If a request is denied or information is not provided within the stipulated timeframe, the requester has the right to seek legal recourse by applying to the Federal High Court to compel disclosure.
This judicial remedy underscores the enforceability of the right to information under Nigerian law.
In summary, to file a Freedom of Information request in Nigeria, write a clear, detailed request describing the information sought, address it properly to the relevant public institution or officer, submit it by letter or email, await the response within seven days, comply with any fees, and if necessary, pursue legal action for enforcement.
This process is designed to promote transparency and accountability in government operations.